scratch
verb · noun · adjectiveB1Định nghĩa theo từ loại
Động từ
verb- 1.
To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc.
Could you please scratch my back?
Đồng nghĩa: scrabble
- 2.
To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.
I don't like that new scarf because it scratches my neck.
- 3.
To mark a surface with a sharp object, thereby leaving a scratch (noun).
A real diamond can easily scratch a pane of glass.
- 4.
(of a surface) To get such scratches.
This platter scratches easily.
- 5.
To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.
- 6.
(music) To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching).
- 7.
(billiards) To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table.
Embarrassingly, he scratched on the break, popping the cue completely off the table.
- 8.
(US, dated)(billiards, dated, US) To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game.
- 9.
To write or draw hastily or awkwardly; scrawl.
- 10.
(ambitransitive)To dig or excavate with the claws.
Some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow.
- 11.
To dig or scrape (a person's skin) with claws or fingernails in self-defense or with the intention to injure.
The cat scratched the little girl.
- 12.
(swimming, athletics) To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that one was previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting.
Danh từ
noun- 1.
(countable, uncountable)A disruption, mark or shallow cut on a surface made by scratching.
I can’t believe there is a scratch in the paint already.
Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.
- 2.
(countable, uncountable)An act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation.
The dog sat up and had a good scratch.
- 3.
(countable, uncountable)A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing.
- 4.
(countable, uncountable)A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark.
- 5.
(countable, uncountable)The last riders to depart in a handicap race.
- 6.
An aberration.
- 7.
(countable, uncountable)A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start.
There were two scratches in race 8, which reduced the field from nine horses to seven.
- 8.
(countable, uncountable)(meiosis) A minor injury.
It's just a scratch!
- 9.
(countable, slang, uncountable)Money; especially, cash.
- 10.
(countable, uncountable)A feed, usually a mixture of a few common grains, given to chickens.
Đồng nghĩa: chicken scratch
- 11.
(countable, in plural, uncountable)(in the plural) Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy.
- 12.
(countable, historical, uncountable)(now historical) A scratch wig.
[H]e turned to him with a dejected Face, and said ‘ – pray Sir, – could you touch up This a little?’ taking hold of his frightful scratch.
- 13.
(countable, uncountable)(music) A genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi.
- 14.
(countable, uncountable)Poor handwriting; especially, illegibly so.
Đồng nghĩa: chicken scratch, scrawl
- 15.
(countable, uncountable)Nothing, zero. Used especially in card games or sports, but also expressions like "from scratch".
Tính từ
adjective- 1.
(not comparable)For or consisting of preliminary or tentative, incomplete, etc. work.
This is scratch paper, so go ahead and scribble whatever you want on it.
- 2.
(not comparable)Hastily assembled, arranged or constructed, from whatever materials are to hand, with little or no preparation
- 3.
(not comparable)(computing) Relating to a scratchpad, a data structure or recording medium attached to a machine for testing or temporary use.
scratch memory
- 4.
(not comparable)(sports) (of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability.
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Nguồn gốc từ
From Middle English scracchen, of origin. Potentially a blend of Middle English scratten (to scratch) and cracchen (to scratch). More at scrat and cratch.