down

adverb · preposition · adjective · verb · nounA1

Định nghĩa theo từ loại

Trạng từ

adverb

Comparative

further downfarther downfurthest down

Superlative

farthest downdoon

1.
(comparable, not comparable, usually)From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
The cat jumped down from the table.
2.
(not comparable, usually)To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
Go down to the bottom of the page.
As I lay on my back, a pain shot down from my neck to my waist.
3.
(comparable, not comparable, usually)At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
His place is farther down the road.
The company was well down the path to bankruptcy.
4.
(not comparable, usually)To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
I went down to Miami for a conference.
5.
(not comparable, usually)Away from the city (regardless of direction).
He went down to Cavan.
down on the farm
down to the country
1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year, London: E. Nutt et al., p. 12, But then my Servant who I had intended to take down with me [i.e. from London to Bedfordshire], deceiv’d me;
6.
(not comparable, usually)At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
She lives down by the park.
7.
(not comparable, usually)Forward, straight ahead.
At the first intersection turn left and walk down, then turn right.
8.
(not comparable, usually)(rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
9.
(UK, dated, not comparable, usually)(UK, academia, dated) Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
He's gone back down to Newcastle for Christmas.
10.
(not comparable, usually)To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
Smith was sent down to the minors to work on his batting.
After the incident, Kelly went down to Second Lieutenant.
11.
(not comparable, usually)(sports) Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
12.
(not comparable, usually)So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
You need to tone down the rhetoric.
Please turn the music down!

preposition

doon

1.
From the higher end to the lower of.
The ball rolled down the hill.
2.
From north to south of.
We sailed down the eastern seaboard.
3.
Towards the mouth of (a river); in the direction of flow of.
In this game we float sticks down the river.
4.
From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
The bus went down the street.
They walked down the beach holding hands.
5.
(Ireland, UK)At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
I'll see you later down the pub.
6.
(Ireland, UK)To (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
I'm going down the shops.

Tính từ

adjective

Comparative

more downmost down

Superlative

doon

1.
Facing downwards.
Turn the cloth over so that the patterned side is down.
2.
At a lower level than before.
The stock market is down.
Prices are down.
3.
(informal)Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
Mary seems very down since she split up with her boyfriend.
Been down so long it seems like up to me
Đồng nghĩa: miserable, sorrowful, atrabiliary, atrabilious, blitheless, dispirited, blue, bummed out, chapfallen, cheerless, chopfallen, crestfallen, cut up, damp, dejected, depressed, despondent, disgruntled, disconsolate, disheartened, dismal, doleful, dolesome, down, down in the dumps, down in the mouth, downcast, downhearted, downsome, dull, elegiac, elegious, forlorn, gloomy, glum, grief-stricken, grieving, heavy-hearted, heartsore, heartsick, inconsolable, infelicitous, jawfallen, joyless, lachrymose, lamentful, low, low-spirited, lugubrious, lumpish, melancholic, melancholy, miserable, moody, mopey, morose, mournful, passionate, plaintive, Plutonian, Plutonic, querulous, ruthful, sad, saddened, saturnine, shattered, solemn, sombre, sorrowful, sorrow-ridden, sorrowsome, spiritless, sullen, threnetic, threnetical, triste, tristful, uncheerful, uncheery, unconsolable, unhappy, unlively, wistful, woe, woebegone, woeful, wretched
4.
Sick, wounded, or damaged:
5.
(slang)In prison.
6.
Having a lower score than an opponent.
They are down by 3–0 with just 5 minutes to play.
He was down by a bishop and a pawn after 15 moves.
At 5–1 down, she produced a great comeback to win the set on a tiebreak.
7.
(colloquial)(baseball, cricket, colloquial, following the noun modified) Out.
Two down and one to go in the bottom of the ninth.
8.
(colloquial)(colloquial, with "on") Negative about; hostile to.
She's been down on clams since a bad case of food poisoning; she's lost her appetite for them.
9.
(Canada, US, slang)Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
He's chill enough; he'd probably be totally down with it.
Asker: Are you down to hang out at the mall? / Answerer: Yeah, as long as you're down with helping me pick a phone.
Asker: You down? Yes or no? / Answerer: You know I'm down for whatever.
10.
(slang)(African-American Vernacular, slang) Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
What you mean, 'No'? Man, I thought you was down.
11.
Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
Two down and three to go.
Ten minutes down and nothing's happened yet.
12.
Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
It's two weeks until opening night and our lines are still not down yet.

Động từ

verb

V_es/s

downs

V_ing/Gerund

downing

V_ed/pp

downeddoon

1.
(transitive)To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
The storm downed several old trees along the highway.
A single rifle shot downed the mighty beast.
2.
(transitive)To lower; to put (something) down.
The bell rang for lunch, and the workers downed their tools.
3.
(figuratively, transitive)(transitive, figurative) To defeat; to overpower.
4.
(colloquial, transitive)To disparage; to put down.
5.
(intransitive, obsolete, rare)(intransitive, rare or obsolete) To go or come down; to descend.
6.
(colloquial, transitive)To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
He downed an ale and ordered another.
7.
(Canadian, transitive)(transitive, American football, Canadian football) To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
He downed it at the seven-yard line.
8.
(transitive)(transitive, golf, pocket billiards) To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
He downed two balls on the break.
9.
(transitive)To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.

Danh từ

noun

Plural noun:

downsdoon

1.
A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.
2.
(dated)A grudge (on someone).
3.
A downer, depressant.
4.
An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
5.
(American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.
6.
(crosswording) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.
7.
(gambling) The shift or period of time during which a dealer manages a given table before rotating to the next table at a casino or cardroom, which is often 30 minutes.
8.
A downstairs room of a two-story house.
She lives in a two-up two-down.
9.
Down payment.
10.
The lightest quark with a charge number of −¹⁄₃.
11.
(Australia, Southern England, also, countable, especially, often, plural, uncountable)(especially Southern England, also Australia, often plural, often in place names) A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill.
We went for a walk over the downs.
The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills in south east England.
12.
(countable, plural normally, uncountable)(usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing.

Từ liên quan

Đồng nghĩa

miserable sorrowfulatrabiliaryatrabiliousblithelessdispirited bluebummed outchapfallencheerlesschopfallencrestfallencut updamp dejected depressed despondentdisgruntleddisconsolatedisheartened

Trái nghĩa

upacross backbackwardsrearwardsfrom a higher position to a lower one upat a lower place upaway from the city upinto a state of non-operation upin crosswords acrossback; backwards; rearwards

Cùng gốc / liên quan

like kicking dead whales down the beachlike throwing a sausage down a hallwaysell down the riverthrow one's hotdog down someone's hallway

Từ có viền nét liền là đã có mục từ; viền nét đứt là chưa có trong dữ liệu.

Nguồn gốc từ

From Middle English doun, doune (down), from Old English dūne (down), aphetic form of adūne (down, downward), from earlier ofdūne (down), from of (of, off of) + dūn (hill, mount, dune, down). More at Etymology 2 below. For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare dene, dāle, whence dal down. Compare also deel, del down. Cognate with doon down.